Footnotes
JS History, vol. A-1, 118; Whitmer, History, 27; Revelation, Feb. 1831–B [D&C 44:1–2].
Revelation, 2 Jan. 1831 [D&C 38:32].
For evidence of ordinations on 4 June, see Hancock, Autobiography, 90; Wight, Journal, in History of the Reorganized Church, 1:193; and Ezra Booth, “Mormonism—No. IV,” Ohio Star (Ravenna), 3 Nov. 1831, [3]. The minutes for the conference held 9 April explain that it adjourned “until the first Saturday in June next,” or 4 June. By contrast, John Whitmer’s history, which probably benefited from the use of the minutes later compiled in Minute Book 2, lists 3 June as the day of the conference. Jared Carter’s journal also lists “friday” (3 June) as the “memorable day when God first gave the fullness of the high priesthood to the Elders of the Church of Christ.” The accounts of both men are supported by John Smith, a recently baptized elder residing in North Hampton, Ohio, who recorded in his journal: “Friday June th[e] 3 went to Kirtland to attend Conference but did not reatch there till sat th[e] 4 & Conference was over & I Continued their untill th[e] 6 & after the Commadments had Come Forth for the Elders to go to the Mazura [Missouri].” Smith’s account may be indicating he missed meetings on both 3 and 4 June. Still other sources, likely associating the conference with the revelation dictated at the end of the several days of meetings, indicate that the conference was held 6 June. JS’s history adds to the confusion by stating that the elders met in conference “on the 6th of June” when ordinations to the high priesthood took place, but then indicates it was on the following day that the revelation was received that commanded dozens of men to go on missions. That revelation was dated 6 June 1831 in Revelation Book 1, meaning the conference would have convened on the fifth rather than the sixth. The local newspaper, the Painesville Telegraph, confused the dates of the conference and the 6 June revelation when it reported the meeting in a derogatory article published 14 June 1831: “After all the good followers of Jo. Smith from York state had got fairly settled down in this vicinity, which Sidney Rigdon had declared to be their ‘eternal inheritance,’ Jo must needs invent another ‘command from God.’ At a meeting of the tribe on 3d. inst. the fact was made known to them that 28 elders must be selected and ordained, to start immediately, for Missouri.” (Minute Book 2, 9 Apr. 1831; Whitmer, History, 27; Carter, Journal, 17; John Smith, Journal, 3–4; JS History, vol. A-1, 118; Revelation, 6 June 1831 [D&C 52]; “Mormonism on the Wing,” Painesville (OH) Telegraph, 14 June 1831, [3]; see also Murdock, Journal, 6 June 1831; and Pratt, Autobiography, 72.
Hancock, Levi. Autobiography, ca. 1854. Photocopy. CHL. MS 8174.
The History of the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints. 8 vols. Independence, MO: Herald Publishing House, 1896–1976.
Ohio Star. Ravenna. 1830–1854.
Carter, Jared. Journal, 1831–1833. CHL. MS 1441.
Smith, John (1781-1854). Journal, 1833–1841. John Smith, Papers, 1833-1854. CHL. MS 1326, box 1, fd. 1.
Painesville Telegraph. Painesville, OH. 1822–1986.
Murdock, John. Journal, ca. 1830–1859. John Murdock, Journal and Autobiography, ca. 1830–1867. CHL. MS 1194, fd. 2.
Pratt, Parley P. The Autobiography of Parley Parker Pratt, One of the Twelve Apostles of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, Embracing His Life, Ministry and Travels, with Extracts, in Prose and Verse, from His Miscellaneous Writings. Edited by Parley P. Pratt Jr. New York: Russell Brothers, 1874.
Some evidence indicates JS met preliminarily with some elders on the first day of the conference and then conducted most of the conference business on the second day. (Whitmer, History, 28.)
Corrill, Brief History, 18.
Hancock, Autobiography, 89, 92.
Hancock, Levi. Autobiography, ca. 1854. Photocopy. CHL. MS 8174.
Minute Book 2, 25–26 Oct. 1831.
Carter, Journal, 16–17. Ezra Booth’s antagonistic account of the conference also indicates that attendees expected to be able to perform acts of healing as a result of the ordinations. (Ezra Booth, “Mormonism—No. II,” Ohio Star (Ravenna), 20 Oct. 1831, [3].)
Carter, Jared. Journal, 1831–1833. CHL. MS 1441.
Ohio Star. Ravenna. 1830–1854.
Minute Book 2, 25–26 Oct. 1831.
Ezra Booth, “Mormonism—No. II,” Ohio Star (Ravenna), 20 Oct. 1831, [3].
Ohio Star. Ravenna. 1830–1854.
Corrill, Brief History, 18.
JS History, vol. A-1, 118.
Parley P. Pratt later explained the ordination to the high priesthood in this way: “Several were then selected by revelation, through Presdent Smith, and ordained to the High Priesthood after the order of the Son of God; which is after the order of Melchisedec. This was the first occasion in which this priesthood had been revealed and conferred upon the Elders in this dispensation, although the office of an Elder is the same in a certain degree, but not in the fulness. On this occasion I was ordained to this holy ordinance and calling by President Smith.” (Pratt, Autobiography, 72.)
Pratt, Parley P. The Autobiography of Parley Parker Pratt, One of the Twelve Apostles of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, Embracing His Life, Ministry and Travels, with Extracts, in Prose and Verse, from His Miscellaneous Writings. Edited by Parley P. Pratt Jr. New York: Russell Brothers, 1874.
Clarke, New Testament, 573–574.
Clarke, Adam. The New Testament of Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, the Text Carefully Printed from the Most Correct Copies of the Present Authorised Version, Including the Marginal Readings and Parallel Texts, with a Commentary and Critical Notes. . . . Vol. 1. New York: B. Waugh and T. Mason, for the Methodist Episcopal Church, 1833.
Hebrews 6:20; 3:1.
For example, an Ohio newspaper reporting on Masonic activities in 1828 stated that a number of men had “duly received the order of High Priesthood.” The article further stated that a forthcoming meeting would be “for the purpose of conferring the order of High Priesthood upon all who are legally entitled thereto.” (“Masonic,” Norwalk [OH] Reporter and Huron Advertiser, 9 Feb. 1828, [2].)
Norwalk Reporter and Huron Advertiser. Norwalk, OH. 1827–1830.
In 1828, for instance, a convention held in New York by a Baptist association adopted a resolution that it would “have no fellowship with or for the institutions of speculative Freemasonry . . . Because it confers the office of High Priest upon those who are not called of God as was Aaron, and because its high priesthood is said to be after the order of Melchizedeck, when Christ is the only priest after that order.” Samuel Findley’s Ohio-based Religious Examiner reported in 1831 that the New York Synod of the Associate Reformed Church had also condemned Masonic rituals as “a sinful trifling with the word of God” for including in the ceremony of the “consecration of a masonic high priest” phraseology reserved for Christ in the Bible: “Thou art a Priest forever after the order of Melchizedeck.” (“Moral & Religious,” Western Intelligencer, 1 Nov. 1828, 57; “Freemasonry,” Religious Examiner, Feb. 1831, 48.)
Western Intelligencer. Cleveland, OH, 1827; Hudson, OH, 1828–1830.
Religious Examiner. Washington, OH. 1827–1834.
Book of Mormon, 1830 ed., 259 [Alma 13:6–10].
Old Testament Revision 1, pp. 33–34 [Joseph Smith Translation, Genesis 14:27, 30–31].
Ezra Booth, “Mormonism—No. IV,” Ohio Star (Ravenna), 3 Nov. 1831, [3]. Booth’s complete statement is as follows: “As the 4th of June last, was appointed for the sessions of the conference, it was ascertained, that that was the time specified, when the great and mighty work was to commence, and such was the confidence of some, that knowledge superseded their faith, and they did not hesitate to declare themselves perfectly assured, that the work of miracles would commence at the ensuing conference. With such strong assurances, and with the most elevated expectations, the conference assembled at the time appointed. To give, if possible, additional energy to expectation, Smith, the day previous to the conference, professing to be filled with the spirit of Prophecy, declared, that ‘not three days should pass away, before some should see their Savior face to face.’”
Ohio Star. Ravenna. 1830–1854.
Lyman Wight, Mountain Valley, TX, to Wilford Woodruff, [Salt Lake City, Utah Territory], 24 Aug. 1857, pp. 5–6, Historian’s Office, Histories of the Twelve, ca. 1858–1880, CHL; see also History of the Reorganized Church, 1:193.
Historian’s Office. Histories of the Twelve, 1856–1858, 1861. CHL. CR 100 93.
The History of the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints. 8 vols. Independence, MO: Herald Publishing House, 1896–1976.
Hancock, Autobiography, 90; see also Ezra Booth, “Mormonism—No. IV,” Ohio Star (Ravenna), 3 Nov. 1831, [3].
Hancock, Levi. Autobiography, ca. 1854. Photocopy. CHL. MS 8174.
Ohio Star. Ravenna. 1830–1854.
Hancock, Autobiography, 90–91. John Corrill also summarized some of these events in his later history: “Some curious things took place. The same visionary and marvellous spirits, spoken of before, got hold of some of the elders; it threw one from his seat to the floor; it bound another, so that for some time he could not use his limbs nor speak; and some other curious effects were experienced, but, by a mighty exertion, in the name of the Lord, it was exposed and shown to be from an evil source.” (Corrill, Brief History, 18.)
Hancock, Levi. Autobiography, ca. 1854. Photocopy. CHL. MS 8174.
Whitmer, History, 29; Ezra Booth, “Mormonism—No. IV,” Ohio Star (Ravenna), 3 Nov. 1831, [3].
Ohio Star. Ravenna. 1830–1854.
Carter, Journal, 17.
Carter, Jared. Journal, 1831–1833. CHL. MS 1441.
Pratt, Autobiography, 72.
Pratt, Parley P. The Autobiography of Parley Parker Pratt, One of the Twelve Apostles of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, Embracing His Life, Ministry and Travels, with Extracts, in Prose and Verse, from His Miscellaneous Writings. Edited by Parley P. Pratt Jr. New York: Russell Brothers, 1874.
Hancock, Autobiography, 89–90.
Hancock, Levi. Autobiography, ca. 1854. Photocopy. CHL. MS 8174.
Whitmer, History, 27–28.
For instance, a parenthetical notation states that Joseph Brackenbury “died on a mission to preach,” a redaction that necessarily occurred after 7 January 1832, the date Brackenbury reportedly passed away in Pomfret, New York. Similarly, Burr Riggs’s name also carries with it a parenthetical notation explaining that he “was cast out.” Burr Riggs was excommunicated on 26 February 1833. He was out of the church only a short time, however, and accompanied the Camp of Israel expedition to Missouri in 1834. This redaction to the featured text, therefore, appears to have occurred following Riggs’s excommunication but before his 1834 return to the church. The absence of notations next to certain names elsewhere in Minute Book 2 is also helpful in narrowing the time frame in which such redactions likely occurred. For example, in the minutes dated 4 August 1831, though Ezra Booth is again noted parenthetically as having “denied the faith,” there is no similar notation accompanying the name of Ziba Peterson, who was turned “over to the buffetings of Satan,” according to a letter written by Joseph Smith on 25 June 1833. This means that Whitmer’s parenthetical redactions were most likely made between 26 February and 25 June 1833, after Riggs was excommunicated but before Peterson was cut off. (“Death of a Mormon Preacher,” Vermont Gazette [Bennington], 6 Mar. 1832, [2]; Minute Book 2, 4 Aug. 1831; Letter to Church Leaders in Jackson County, Missouri, 25 June 1833.)
Vermont Gazette. Bennington, VT. 1832–1842.
[Priests cont.] | [Teachers cont.] | |
(cut off rec’d back & a Priest) | ||
Isaac Bebee [Beebe] | ||
Benjamin Johnson | ||
Samuel Day | ||
Thoret Parsons | ||
John Murdock reported his ordination in his journal, saying, “A conferance was held in Kirtland & some ordained to be high Priests myself one with the rest under the hand of Joseph Smith the Prophet.” (Murdock, Journal, 6 June 1831.)
Murdock, John. Journal, ca. 1830–1859. John Murdock, Journal and Autobiography, ca. 1830–1867. CHL. MS 1194, fd. 2.
In his later history of the meeting, John Whitmer related Lyman Wight’s exhortation by explaining that “he prophecied, concerning the coming of Christ, he said that there were some in this congregation that should live until the Savior shoud decend from heaven, with a Shout, with all the holy angels with him. He said the coming of the Savior should be, like, the Sun rising in the east, and will cover the whole earth, so will the coming of the Son of man be. Yea, he will appear in his brightness, and consume all before him. And the hills will be laid low; and valies be exalted; and the crooked be made straight; and the rough smooth. And some of my brethren shall suffer marterdom, for the sake of the religion of Jesus Christ. and seal the testimony of Jesus with their blood. He saw the hevans opened, and the Son of man sitting on the right hand of the Father. Making intercession for his brethren. the Saints. He said that God would work a work in these Last days that tongue cannot express, and the mind of is not capable to conceive. The glory of the Lord shone around.” (Whitmer, History, 28.)
A May 1831 revelation directed to Ezra Thayer linked a future ordination and promised spiritual power, explaining that Thayer would “be ordained unto power from on high & he shall go from thence . . . & proclaim my Gospel.” (Revelation, 15 May 1831.)
Partridge was designated the church’s first bishop on 4 February 1831. Another February revelation informed him that two elders would be appointed to assist him. Though likely selected to fill these positions prior to this conference, Corrill and Morley received their ordinations on this occasion. Corrill later wrote, “Isaac Uorley [Morley] and myself were chosen counsellors to the Bishop, to assist him in his business, which was to receive consecrations of property, and attend to the temporal concerns of the Church.” (Revelation, 4 Feb. 1831 [D&C 41:9]; Revelation, 9 Feb. 1831 [D&C 42:31]; Revelation, 20 May 1831 [D&C 51:3]; Corrill, Brief History, 18.)